ABSTRACT
In this paper, the soil-support interaction for tunneling processes according to the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) is investigated by means of plane-strain numerical simulations. The studies performed encompass different types of soil (cohesive and granular) and two types of support means (shotcrete lining and jet-grouted soil). As regards the latter, the early-age behavior of the cement-based components is taken into account by means of a coupled chemomechanical approach. The obtained results provide insight into the benefits gained from the employed support means during NATM tunneling in different geological conditions, serving as the basis in the day-to-day decision process at NATM construction sites.